Ixabiso lamandla okuqhuba imoto yombane ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi ubuncinci ngama-30 amaxabiso entengo yoqobo. Ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla kujongene uninzi lweendleko zobomi bonke, uMarek Lukaszczyk weemoto kunye nomqhubi wedrive, iWEG, ucacisa iindlela ezintlanu zokuphucula ukusebenza kwamandla emoto. Ngombulelo, utshintsho kwisityalo akufuneki lube lukhulu ukuvuna ukonga. Uninzi lolu tshintsho luya kusebenza kunye nonyawo lwakho olukhoyo kunye nezixhobo.
Iimoto ezininzi zombane ezisetyenziswayo zinokusebenza ngokusezantsi okanye azilingani ngokufanelekileyo kwisicelo. Yomibini le micimbi ibangela ukuba iinjini zisebenze nzima kunokuba zifuna, zisebenzisa amandla ngakumbi kwinkqubo. Kwangokunjalo, iimoto ezindala zinokubuyiswa kwakhona izihlandlo ezimbalwa ngexesha lolondolozo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwazo.
Ngapha koko, kuqikelelwa ukuba imoto iphulukana nokusebenza ngepesenti enye ukuya kwezimbini ngalo lonke ixesha iphinda ibuye. Kuba amandla okusetyenziswa kwamandla enza iipesenti ezingama-96 zexabiso lomjikelo wobomi lilonke lemoto, ukuhlawulela imali eyongezelelweyo yokusebenza kwepremiyamu kuya kukhokelela kwimbuyekezo kutyalo-mali kwixesha lokuphila kwalo.
Kodwa ukuba imoto iyasebenza, kwaye sele isebenza amashumi eminyaka, ngaba kufanelekile ukuba kube nzima ukuyiphucula? Ngomnikezeli weemoto olungileyo, inkqubo yokuphucula ayiphazamisi. Ishedyuli echazwe kwangaphambili iqinisekisa ukuba utshintshiselwano lweemoto lwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye akukho xesha lokuphumla lincinci. Ukukhetha umgangatho wecandelo lemveliso kunceda ukulungelelanisa le nkqubo, kuba ubeko lwefektri aluyi kufuna ukutshintsha.
Ngokucacileyo, ukuba unamakhulu ee-motors kwindawo yakho, akunakulunga ukubuyisela endaweni enye. Jolisa iimoto esele ziphantsi komoya kuqala kwaye ucwangcise ishedyuli yotshintsho ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu ukunqanda ixesha eliphantsi.
Iimoto zokusebenza kweemoto
Ukugcina ii-motors zisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, abaphathi bezityalo banokufaka ii-retrofit sensors. Ngeemetriki ezibalulekileyo ezinjengokungcangcazela kunye neqondo lobushushu elibekwe esweni ngexesha-lokwenyani, elakhelwe kuhlalutyo lwesondlo oluchazayo luya kuchonga iingxaki ezizayo ngaphambi kokungaphumeleli. Ngesicelo esisekwe kwimowudi yedatha yemoto iyatsalwa kwaye ithunyelwe kwi-smartphone okanye ithebhulethi. Ngapha eBrazil, esinye isityalo esivelisayo siphumeze obu buchwephesha kwiimoto eziqhuba ezine ezifanayo zoomatshini bokujikeleza komoya. Xa iqela lokugcina lifumene isilumkiso sokuba umntu unamazinga aphezulu okungcangcazela kunendlela eyamkelekileyo, ukuphapha kwabo okuthe kratya kwabenza bakwazi ukusombulula ingxaki.
Ngaphandle kokuqonda, ukuvalwa kwefektri okungalindelekanga kunokubakho. Kodwa luphi ulondolozo lwamandla kule meko ichazwe ngasentla? Okokuqala, ukungcangcazela okwandileyo kukonyusa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Iinyawo ezidityanisiweyo eziqinileyo kwimoto kunye nokuqina koomatshini kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukungcangcazela okungaphantsi. Ngokusombulula ukungasebenzi ngokukuko ngokukhawuleza, oku kuchitha amandla kwagcinwa kubuncinci.
Okwesibini, ngokuthintela ukuvalwa kwefektri, iimfuno zamandla aphezulu zokuqalisa kwakhona bonke oomatshini zazingafuneki.
Faka iziqalo ezithambileyo
Oomatshini kunye neemoto ezingasebenzi ngokuqhubekayo, abaphathi bezityalo kufuneka bafake iziqalo ezithambileyo. Ezi zixhobo zinciphisa okwethutyana umthwalo kunye netorque kuloliwe wamandla kunye nokuqhubekeka kombane okwangoku kweemoto ngexesha lokuqalisa.
Cinga ngale nto ikukukhanya kwetrafikhi ebomvu. Ngelixa unokuthi ulubethe unyawo lwakho phantsi kwentsika yegesi xa ukukhanya kujika kube luhlaza, uyazi ukuba le ayisebenzi kwaye iyindlela yoxinzelelo yoomatshini yokuqhuba- kwaye iyingozi.
Kwangokunjalo, kwizixhobo zomatshini, ukuqala okucothayo kusetyenziswa amandla amancinci kunye neziphumo zoxinzelelo oluncinci kumatshini nakwishafti. Ngaphezulu kobomi beemoto, ukuqala kokuthamba okuthambileyo kubonelela ngokonga iindleko okubangelwa kukunciphisa iindleko zamandla. Ezinye iziqalo ezithambileyo ziye zakha amandla ombane ngokuzenzekelayo. Ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwesiguquli, i-starter ethambileyo igweba iimfuno zomthwalo kwaye iguqule ngokufanelekileyo ukugcina inkcitho yamandla incinci.
Sebenzisa isantya sedrive drive (VSD)
Ngamanye amaxesha kubhekiswa kuyo njenge-frequency frequency drive (VFD) okanye inverter drive, ii-VSDs zilungelelanisa isantya semoto yombane, ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zesicelo. Ngaphandle kolu lawulo, inkqubo ibrake ngokulula xa kufuneka amandla amancinci, ikhupha amandla amoshiweyo njengobushushu. Kwisicelo sefeni, umzekelo, ii-VSDs zinciphisa ukuhamba komoya ngokweemfuno, endaweni yokunqumamisa ukuhamba komoya ngelixa uhlala kwindawo ephezulu.
Hlanganisa i-VSD kunye ne-super-premium ye-motor esebenzayo kunye neendleko zamandla ezincitshisiweyo ziya kuzithetha. Kwizicelo zokupholisa inqaba umzekelo, usebenzisa i-W22 IE4 ye-motor ye-premium kunye ne-CFW701 HVAC VSDkwenziwe ngokobukhulu obufanelekileyo, ibonelela ngokuncitshiswa kweendleko zamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% kunye nomndilili wokonga amanzi we-22%.
Ngelixa umgaqo okhoyo ngoku usithi i-IE2 motors kufuneka isetyenziswe nge-VSD, oku kube nzima ukunyanzelisa kumzi mveliso wonke. Oku kuchaza ukuba kutheni imigaqo isiba ngqongqo ngakumbi. Ukusukela nge-1 kaJulayi 20, 2021, izigaba ezintathu zemoto ziya kudinga ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ye-IE3, ngaphandle kokongezwa kweVSD.
Utshintsho lwango-2021 lukwabambe ii-VSD kwimigangatho ephezulu, yabela eli qela lemveliso iireyithingi ze-IE nazo. Kuya kulindeleka ukuba bahlangane nomgangatho we-IE2, nangona i-IE2 drive ingabonakalisi ukusebenza ngokulinganayo kwemoto ye-IE2-ezi ziinkqubo zokulinganisa ezahlukileyo.
Sebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ii-VSD
Ukufaka i-VSD yenye into, ukuyisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo yenye into. Uninzi lwe-VSD lupakishwe ngezinto eziluncedo ezingaziwa ngabaphathi bezityalo. Izicelo zempompo ngumzekelo olungileyo. Ukuphathwa kolwelo kunokuba sisiphithiphithi, phakathi kokuvuza kunye namanqanaba asezantsi olwelo, kuninzi okungahambanga kakuhle. Ulawulo olwakhelweyo lwenza ukuba kusetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo iimoto ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zemveliso kunye nokufumaneka kolwelo.
Ukufunyanwa kwemibhobho eyaphukileyo ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-VSD kunokuchonga iindawo ezivuzayo kunye nokuhlengahlengisa ukusebenza kweemoto ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, ukufunyanwa kwempompo eyomileyo kuthetha ukuba ulwelo luyaphela, imoto icinywa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye kukhutshwa isilumkiso esomileyo. Kuzo zombini iimeko, imoto inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwamandla xa kufuneka amandla amancinci ukuphatha izixhobo ezikhoyo.
Ukuba usebenzisa ii-motors ezininzi kwisicelo sempompo, ulawulo lwempompo ye-jockey lunokunyusa ukusetyenziswa kweemoto ezahlukeneyo. Kungenzeka ukuba ibango lifuna nje ukusetyenziswa kwemoto encinci, okanye indibaniselwano yemoto encinci nenkulu. I-Pump Genius inika ukwanda kokuguquguquka ekusebenziseni iimoto ezinobungakanani obugqibeleleyo kwinqanaba lokuhamba elinikiweyo.
Ii-VSD zinokukwenza nokucoca ngokuzenzekelayo kwesithuthi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukukhutshwa kwempahla kwenziwa ngokungaguquguqukiyo. Oku kugcina imoto ikwimeko efanelekileyo eneempembelelo ezilungileyo ekusebenzeni kwamandla.
Ukuba awonwabanga ukuhlawula amaxesha angama-30 kwixabiso lemoto kwiibhili zamandla ngaphezulu kweshumi leminyaka, lixesha lokwenza olu tshintsho. Azizukwenzeka ngobusuku, kodwa isicwangciso-qhinga esijolise kwiindawo zakho zeentlungu ezingasebenziyo ziya kuthi zikhokelele kwinzuzo ebalulekileyo yamandla.
Ixesha Post: Nov-09-2020